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Editorial Board
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CO3
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Editorial Board
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iii
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| Preface |
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To the epilepsy research 2006 supplement: Epileptic syndromes in infants and early childhood: Evidence-based taxonomy and its implications in the ILAE classifications
The standardized classification and terminology for epileptic seizures (1981) and syndromes (1989) by the ILAE provided a fundamental framework for differentiating and managing them. This categorizati...
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Yukio Fukuyama,
Makiko Osawa
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1-3
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| Epilepsy Classification by the ILAE Task Force |
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ILAE classification of epilepsy syndromes
Abstract: The efforts of the International League against Epilepsy (ILAE) to devise classifications of the epilepsies has greatly improved communication among epileptologists and influenced both basic...
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Jerome Engel
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5-10
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Concepts in classification and their relevance to epilepsy
Abstract: The classification of the epilepsies was advanced in order to formalize efforts to identify coherent clinical entities and to develop a standardized set of diagnostic terminology for facilit...
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Anne T. Berg,
Neil W. Blackstone
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11-19
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Basic principles of the ILAE syndrome classification
Abstract: The basic principles of the ILAE syndrome classification can be summarised as: clear definitions; reference to the seizure classification; expert consensus based on literature research; prov...
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Peter Wolf
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20-26
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Classification criteria of epileptic seizures and syndromes
Abstract: Care must be exercised not to intermingle with classification of seizures and classification of epilepsies in an inconsistent fashion. Criteria for each class must be defined as clearly as p...
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Masakazu Seino
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27-33
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A population-based survey of childhood epilepsy in Okayama Prefecture, Japan: Reclassification by a newly proposed diagnostic scheme of epilepsies in 2001
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to clarify the usefulness and problems of the newly proposed classification of epilepsies (International League Against Epilepsy: ILAE, 2001) in the epidemiologi...
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Tomoyuki Akiyama,
Katsuhiro Kobayashi,
Tatsuya Ogino,
Harumi Yoshinaga,
Eiji Oka,
Makio Oka,
Minako Ito,
Yoko Ohtsuka
et al.
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34-40
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| Seizures in the Neonatal Period |
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Neonatal seizure classification: A fetal perspective concerning childhood epilepsy
Abstract: Neonatal seizures are markers for time-specific etiologies during antepartum, intrapartum and neonatal time periods. Seizures with or without encephalopathic signs can represent a continuum ...
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Mark S. Scher
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41-57
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Ohtahara syndrome: With special reference to its developmental aspects for differentiating from early myoclonic encephalopathy
Abstract: Ohtahara syndrome (OS) is well known as a peculiar early onset epileptic syndrome with serious prognosis. The outline of OS, mainly in relation to the evolution with age, and differentiation...
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Shunsuke Ohtahara,
Yasuko Yamatogi
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58-67
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Are early myoclonic encephalopathy (EME) and the Ohtahara syndrome (EIEE) independent of each other?
Abstract: Background: Early myoclonic encephalopathy (EME) and the Ohtahara syndrome are currently listed as two separate syndromes in the classification of epilepsies. The most prominent differentiat...
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Aleksandra Djukic,
Fred A. Lado,
Shlomo Shinnar,
Solomon L. Moshé
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68-76
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| Epileptic Encephalopathies in Infancy |
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The influence of etiology upon ictal semiology, treatment decisions and long-term outcomes in infantile spasms and West syndrome
Abstract: Studying infantile spasms is challenging because there are so many aspects of variation that introduce potential bias. These might relate to the many underlying etiologies, and variations in...
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Andrew L. Lux,
John P. Osborne
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77-86
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A new paradigm for West syndrome based on molecular and cell biology
Abstract: Symptomatic West syndrome has heterogeneous backgrounds. Recently, two novel genes, ARX and CDKL5, have been found to be responsible for cryptogenic West syndrome or infantile spasms. Both a...
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Mitsuhiro Kato
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87-95
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Multiple independent spike foci and epilepsy, with special reference to a new epileptic syndrome of “severe epilepsy with multiple independent spike foci”
Abstract: Background: Markand and Blume first realized the specificity of the EEG pattern of multiple independent spike foci (MISF) in the late 1970s; its close relation with hypsarrhythmia and slow s...
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Yasuko Yamatogi,
Shunsuke Ohtahara
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96-104
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Epilepsy syndromes undetermined whether focal or generalized in infants
Abstract: Purpose: To describe the seizures in infants with epilepsy syndromes undetermined whether focal or generalized. Methods: This was a retrospective video-EEG study of seizures recorded at Chil...
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Christian M. Korff,
Douglas R. Nordli
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105-109
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Developmental outcome in benign myoclonic epilepsy in infancy and reflex myoclonic epilepsy in infancy: A literature review and six new cases
Abstract: Benign myoclonic epilepsy in infancy is a rare syndrome with just over 100 cases reported since the first syndromic description by Dravet and Bureau [Dravet, C., Bureau, M., 1981. The benign...
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Sameer M. Zuberi,
Mary E. O’Regan
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110-115
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| How to Classify? |
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The clinical-electrographic expression of infantile seizures
Abstract: Purpose: To describe the electro-clinical expression of seizures in infants (1–24 months). Methods: We reviewed the video and EEG files of all infantile seizures recorded at Children's Memor...
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Christian M. Korff,
Douglas R. Nordli
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116-131
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Diagnostic issues and treatment of cryptogenic or symptomatic generalized epilepsies
Abstract: To clarify the diagnostic issues and treatment of patients with cryptogenic or symptomatic generalized epilepsies, not including West syndrome (WS), we investigated electroclinical change du...
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Yoko Ohtsuka,
Harumi Yoshinaga,
Katsuhiro Kobayashi,
Tatsuya Ogino,
Makio Oka,
Minako Ito
et al.
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132-140
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Are absences truly generalized seizures or partial seizures originating from or predominantly involving the pre-motor areas? Some clinical and theoretical observations and their implications for seizure classification
Abstract: In both the current (1981) ILAE Classification of Epileptic Seizures and the recently Proposed Diagnostic Scheme for People with Epilepsy and Epileptic Seizures, typical absence seizures are...
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Dana Craiu,
Sanda Magureanu,
Walter van Emde Boas
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141-155
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| Benign Infantile Seizures Complex |
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The spectrum of benign infantile seizures
Abstract: Benign epilepsies during infancy are a wide topic, which needs both clinical and nosological clarifications. Already in 1963 Fukuyama reported patients with seizures during infancy with a be...
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Nicola Specchio,
Federico Vigevano
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156-167
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Benign partial epilepsy in infancy long-term outcome and marginal syndromes
Abstract: Benign partial epilepsy in infancy (BPEI) is an infantile epilepsy with excellent seizure and developmental outcome proposed by Watanabe et al. Our telephone interview survey revealed that t...
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Akihisa Okumura,
Kazuyoshi Watanabe,
Tamiko Negoro
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168-173
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Paroxysmal kinesigenic choreoathetosis: From first discovery in 1892 to genetic linkage with benign familial infantile convulsions
Abstract: Paroxysmal kinesigenic choreoathetosis (PKC) is presently clearly designated as a familial movement disorder with autosomal dominant inheritance. We identified a family of PKC, in which 6 ou...
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Nobumasa Kato,
Miyuki Sadamatsu,
Taeko Kikuchi,
Norio Niikawa,
Yukio Fukuyama
et al.
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174-184
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Classification of benign infantile afebrile seizures
Abstract: Purpose: The aim of this study is to classify infantile cases with benign seizures into known epileptic syndromes, thereby facilitating discussion of clinical factors that could play an impo...
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Takuya Tanabe,
Keita Hara,
Mitsuru Kashiwagi,
Hiroshi Tamai
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185-189
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| Fever-sensitive Seizures |
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Molecular genetics of febrile seizures
Abstract: Febrile seizures (FSs) represent the most common form of childhood seizures, occurring in 2–5% of infants in Europe and North America and in 6–9% in Japan. It has been recognized that there ...
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Junko Nakayama,
Tadao Arinami
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190-198
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Phenotypes and genotypes in epilepsy with febrile seizures plus
Abstract: In the last several years, mutations of sodium channel genes, SCN1A, SCN2A, and SCN1B, and GABAA receptor gene, GABRG2 were identified as causes of some febrile seizures related epilepsies. ...
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M. Ito,
K. Yamakawa,
T. Sugawara,
S. Hirose,
G. Fukuma,
S. Kaneko
et al.
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199-205
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| Dravet Syndrome |
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A new paradigm of channelopathy in epilepsy syndromes: Intracellular trafficking abnormality of channel molecules
Abstract: Mutations in genes encoding ion channels in brain neurons have been identified in various epilepsy syndromes. In neuronal networks, “gain-of-function” of channels in excitatory neurotransmis...
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Shinichi Hirose
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206-217
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Na channel gene mutations in epilepsy—The functional consequences
Abstract: Mutations of voltage-gated sodium channel genes SCN1A, SCN2A, and SCN1B have been identified in several types of epilepsies including generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+) ...
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Kazuhiro Yamakawa
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218-222
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Clinical spectrum of mutations in SCN1A gene: Severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy and related epilepsies
Abstract: Severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy (SMEI) manifests very frequent generalized tonic–clonic seizures (GTC), accompanied by myoclonic seizures, absences and partial seizures [Dravet, C., 197...
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Tateki Fujiwara
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223-230
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Dravet syndrome: A study of 53 patients
Abstract: Objective: We analyzed the electroclinical features, treatment and evolution of patients with Dravet syndrome (DS). Material and methods: We evaluated the clinical records of 53 patients tha...
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Roberto Horacio Caraballo,
Natalio Fejerman
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231-238
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| Distinctive Epileptic Syndromes |
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Landau–Kleffner syndrome is not an eponymic badge of ignorance
Abstract: In a 1992 editorial article, Landau expressed the hope of collective agreement in the medical community about Landau–Kleffner syndrome (LKS) in terms of diagnosis criteria, etiology, pathoph...
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Edouard Hirsch,
Maria Paola Valenti,
Gabrielle Rudolf,
Caroline Seegmuller,
Anne de Saint Martin,
Pierre Maquet,
Norma Wioland,
Marie-Noëlle Metz-Lutz,
Christian Marescaux,
Alexis Arzimanoglou
et al.
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239-247
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Children with ESES: Variability in the Syndrome
Abstract: Objective: We undertook a retrospective study of children who present with significant activation of paroxysmal discharges during sleep to examine the clinical spectrum of disorders that pre...
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Michele Van Hirtum-Das,
Eliot A. Licht,
Susan Koh,
Joyce Y. Wu,
W. Donald Shields,
Raman Sankar
et al.
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248-258
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Early onset Rasmussen's syndrome: A malignant, often bilateral form of the disorder
Abstract: Early onset of Rasmussen's syndrome, chronic encephalitis and epilepsy, is associated with a greater tendency to bilateral disease. A cluster of such children is described. This form has a p...
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Frederick Andermann,
Kevin Farrell
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259-262
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Acute infantile encephalopathy predominantly affecting the frontal lobes (AIEF): A novel clinical category and its tentative diagnostic criteria
Abstract: Acute infantile encephalopathy predominantly affecting the frontal lobes (AIEF) is proposed as a novel form of acute encephalopathy in infancy. To establish the diagnostic criteria for AIEF,...
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Hideo Yamanouchi,
Masashi Mizuguchi
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263-268
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Photosensitivity, visually sensitive seizures and epilepsies
Abstract: Although many observations in patients with this intriguing type of epilepsy have been described and detailed studies have been performed, only a few meet the current criteria of class 1 or ...
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Dorothée G.A. Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenité
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269-279
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